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Help for 

the 

Hard Times 



Important to Farmers 
Take Note 



Published and Distributed under the 
auspices of the Extension Department 
of the Tusketfee Normal and Industrial 
Institute, Tusketfee Institute, Alabama 



a \ 



I have asked Prof. George W, Carver to make a 
careful study of the condition and needs of the farmers in 
Macon and surrounding counties and to publish some- 
thing that will be of immediate and practical help to the 
farmers in this section. 

It will pay, in my opinion, for every man interested 
in farming, whether a large farmer or a small farmer, to 
read carefully the suggestions which Prof. Carver has 
made. If these suggestions are followed, even in a slight 
degree, I believe that the result will be that prosperity 
and happiness will come to many farmers who now feel 
depressed and discouraged. 

If the farmers will follow the advice given by Prof. 
Carver, instead of the present low price of cotton proving 
a drawback it is going to prove a permanent blessing to all 
the people. 

If additional copies of this circular are needed, they 
can be secured in small or large quantities by applying to 
this institution. 

Booker T. Washington, Principal, 
Tuskegee Institute, Alabama. 



APR 24 1916 






Important Things to be Done in 
February, March and April 

Now is the most important time of all to lay a good 
foundation for a prosperous year in the matter of food 
supplies, and providing for a little ready cash at all times. 
This can be done by having a good garden, a few fowl 
well cared for, a pig or two, and always being on the alert 
to take advantage of the mxny little opportunities to make 
a few dimes as they present themselves to you from time 
to time during the year. 

February 

The first essential is a good garden; one cannot real- 
ly estimate its value in dollars and cents. A well kept 
garden should furnish directly and indirectly one-half of 
the food supply of the family, besides going a long way 
toward keeping the family healthy. With a little intelli- 
gent effort every person can have a good garden. 

Begin now by hauling out leaves, rich earth from the 
woods, and muck from the rich swamps. Spread this on 
the ground at least six inches deep; spade or turn under 
with a plow to a depth of eight or nine inches; spread on 
another layer of rich earth-leaves, etc., in the same way, 
except to every two loads of leaves, muck, etc., mix one 
of barnyard manure; plow again just deep enough to 
cover the manure up well; rake or harrow thoroughly, and 
begin »planting the following: 

Irish (white) potatoes, 



HELP FO'n^ HART) TIMES 



English peas, 

Onion sets and shallots. Sow 

Early Jersey Wakefield, 

Extra Selected Charlston, 

Improved Early Drumhead, aad 

Early Flat Dutch cabbage seed; 

Parsnips, 

Beets, 

Spinach, 

Carrots, 

Lettuce, 

Radish, 

Mustard, 

Parsley, 

Egg Plants, 

Pepper, and 

Tomato seed should be planted in boxes in the 

house, hot-beds, cold frames, or protected 

places. 

About the middle of the month plant a jaatch ©f 

•arly corn. 

March 

Make another sowing of — 

English peas. 

Cabbage, 

Cauliflower. More 

Onion sets. 

Shallots, etc., may be planted. Also plant-- 

Collards, 

Corn, cow peas. 

Peanuts, 

Okra, 

Squash, 

Cushaws, 



H ELF FOB H4RV TIM MS 



Cucumbers, 

Pumpkins, 

Watermelons, 

Cantaloups, 

Parsnips, 

Carrots, 

Radish, 

Lettuce, 

Parsley, 

Snap and Lima beans. 

Sweet potatoes should be beddeJ. 

April 

Replant all the seed of last »9nth tkat madtt a 
pmoY stand. Set — 

Cabbage, 

Egg plants, and 

Tomatoes in open ground. Have tin cans, boxes, 
©r paper hoods ready to turn over the tomatoes and egg 
plants, in case a late frost should make its appearance. In 
this way early tomatoes can be had. Cotton seed may 
be planted. 

Ways to Make Money 

First — Of the many ways to keep a little cash coming 
in with a considerable degree of regularity, the 
following are the most important: 

Twelve good hens and 1 rooster well cared for 
will not only furnish the family plenty of eggs, 
but enough for setting and a surplus to sell, 
Chickens, both old and young, can be sold at 
all times, and chickens hatched now always 
bring a fancy price just as soon as they reach 
the broiling or frying stage. 



HELP F0% HARD TIMES 



The Rhode Island Reds and Barred Plymouth 
Rocks have been the most satisfactory all-pur- 
pose fowl with us. Select either of these breeds 
you wish, and give them good attention, and 
you will be surprised at the income they will 
bring you. 

3eCOnd — There is always a demand for early cabbage, 
tomatoes, sweet potatoes, peppers, and egg 
plants. All of these are easily grown in hot-beds, 
cold frames, or in boxes in sunny windows. 

Third — Lettuce, parsley, radishes, and onions are easily 
grown in the same way as above descri*bed, and 
at this time of the year will sell readily. 

Fourth — Light wood from fat pine trees and stumps 
sell readily, as well as good dry wood. In 
many places there are large quantities of old dead 
trees going to waste that would make excellent 
wood and kindling, which would sell without 
any trouble if cut and brought to the market. 
A few hours a week spent in this way will bring 
surprising returns. 

Fifth — Home-made shingles, fence palings, baskets, horse 
collars, quilts, rugs, shuck mats, axe, hatchet, 
hoe, and fork handles can be sold if made well, 
and a reasonable price asked. The same is true 
with the many styles of home-made lace and 
fancy work. 

Sixth — Nearly everyone prefers home-canned and home- 
preserved fruits and vegetables to those put up 
in a commercial way, and anyone doing this ar- 
tistically and cheaply would command patron- 
age. This includes Ive hominy. 



HELP FOU HARD TIMES 



Seventh— Have one or two hogs. They can be raised, 
beginning in April with pigs, to maturity with 
practically no cash outlay, by giving them all the 
slops and refuse vegetables from the garden, plus 
the weeds, etc., that grow in such abundance 
everywhere. 

Home-made sausage is a luxury, and all one 
has to do is to let people know they have it to 
sell. The demand here is never satisfied. Much 
the same is true of souse, hog's-head cheese, 
scrapel, pig's feet and ears, chitterlings, together 
with a fine lot of choice lard and cracklings. 

I have said nothing about the value of a good 
cow, taking for granted that she is out of your 
reach just now, but make your plans to secure 
one at the earliest possible date. If given the 
proper care she will furnish at least half the 
family's living. 

These are only a few of the many ways of becoming 
thrifty and self-supporting. Begin at once to put some 
of them into effect; others I am sure will suggest them- 
selves to you. 

(Signed) G. W. CARVER, 
Director Dept. of Research and Experiment Station, 
Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute. 



Friatetl by Tuske^ef Students from funds supplied by 
The Ash Fund, established in memory of Mrs. Ellen L. Ash 



v.* 



RD -2.29 



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